History of the Stewarts | Family Lines
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JAMES VII. and II Stuart
King of Scotland and England
(21) KING JAMES VII. and II., son of CHARLES I, King of Scotland and England, was born 1633, and was created DUKE OF YORK 1644, Earl of Ulster 1659, and DUKE OF ALBANY 1660 (S.).
He left England 1688, afterwards went to France, and died there in 1701.
He married, first, Anne Hyde, daughter of Edward, Earl of Clarendon, and by her had
(a) Charles, Duke of Cambridge, born 1660; died in infancy.
(b) James, born 1663; created Duke and Earl of Cambridge, Baron of Dauntsey 1664; died 1669.
(c) Charles, Duke of Kendal, born 1666; died young.
(d) Edgar, born 1667; created Duke and Earl of Cambridge, Baron of Dauntsey 1667; died 1671.
(e) Mary, who succeeded to the Throne. MARY II, Queen of Scotland and England.
(f) Anne, who succeeded to the Throne. ANNE, Queen of Scotland and England .
King James married, secondly, in 1673, Mary d´Este, daughter of Aiphonso, Duke of Modena, and by her had
(g) Charles, Duke of Cambridge, born and died 1677.
(h) Prince James Francis Edward, the "Chevalier_de_St._George," born 1688. In 1715 he made an unsuccessful attempt to recover the throne of his father, and died in Rome 1766. He married, in 1719, Clementina, daughter of Prince James Sobieski, son of the King of Poland. They had
(i) Prince Charles Edward, born 1720, styled himself "Comte_d´Albanie." In 1745 he led the last of the Jacobite Risings that came to an end with his defeat at Culloden in 1746.
In 1772 he married Louise, daughter of Prince Gustavus Adolphus of Stolberg-Guedern, but had no issue by her (see Note below). He had, however, a illegitimate daughter Charlotte Stuart, chess of Albany. He died in 1788, and was buried in Rome.
Note.-Two brothers-John Sobieski Stuart, "Count_d´Albany," and Cbarles Edward Stuart, "Count_d´Albany-sons_of_Capt._Thos._Allen,_R.N.,_son_of_ Admiral_John_Carter_Allen,_asserted_that_their_father´s_real_name_and_title_was_ James_Stuart,_Count_d´Albany,_and_that_he_was_a_legitimate_son_of_Prince_ Charles_Edward,_but_was_adopted_by_Admiral_Allen._They_were_authors_of_the_ dubious_work_on_tartan,_Vestiarium_Scoticum,_published_1842.
(2) Henry_Benedict,_styled_Duke_of_York,_born_1725.__He_ became_a_cardinal,_and_died_1807. Arms:-Duke_of_York´s_Arms:_1._Quarterly;_France_and_England.__2._Scotland._3._ Ireland_(Macdonald). Arms._King_James_VII._and_II._bore_the_same_Arms_as_his_father._ King_James_VII._and_II._had_also_several_natural_children
(i) James_Fitz-James,_eldest_son_of_King_James_VII._and_II._and_Arabella_ Churchill,_sister_of_the_great_Duke_of_Marlborough,_was_born_1670._In_1687_he_ was_created_DUKE_OF_BERWICK-UPON-TWEED,_Earl_of_Tinmouth,_Baron_of_ Bosworth.__He_fought_for_his_father_at_the_battle_of_the_Boyne,_and_was_ attainted_in_1695.__He_was_naturalised_in_France,_and_when_commander_of_the_ French_army_he_defeated_the_English_and_Portuguese_at_Almanza_in_1707,_and_ was_created_Duke_of_Liria_and_Xerica,_in_Spain,_by_Philip_V._in_1707,_and_was_ also_created_Duke_of_Fitz-James_in_France_in_1710._He_was_twice_married,_the_ descendants_of_the_first_marriage_succeeding_to_the_Spanish_Dukedom,_and_ those_of_the_second_marriage_to_the_French_one._Descendants_of_both_ marriages_still_survive.__The_Duke_was_killed_at_the_siege_of_Philipsburgh,_1734.
Arms:-The_Duke_of_Berwick_bore_the_Arms_of_King_James_VII._and_II.,_within_a_ bordure_compony_red_and_blue,_the_first_charged_with_a_lion_passant_guardant,_ the_second_with_a_fleur-de-lis,_both_gold.__CREST:_On_a_red_chapeau_turned_up_ ermine,_a_silver_dragon_passant,_gorged_wzth_a_blue_collar_charged_with_three_ gold_fleurs-de-lis._SUPPORTERS:_Dexter,_A_silver_unicorn,_horned_gold,_ collared_and_chained_blue,_the_collar_charged_with_threegold_fleurs-de-lis;_ Sinister,_A_red_dragon_collared_and_chained_gold,_the_collar_charged_with_three_ blue_fleurs-delis_(Doyle)._[Plate_I.,_fig._io.]
(j) Henry_Fitz-James,_second_son_of_King_James_VII._and_II._and_ Arabella_Churchill,_was_born_1673._About_1696_his_father,_when_an_exile,_ created_him_Duke_of_Albemarle._He_died_without_issue_1702.
